Endemics

The flora of Cyprus is rich in endemic taxa. However, numbers and status of taxa are subject to regular changes for several reasons: taxa are described as new to science, species thought to be endemic to Cyprus are found elsewhere, taxonomy of several groups is still controversial. Currently (as at 15 February 2023), the endemism rate of indigenous species and subspecies is 8.85 % (146 x 100/1649) and 7.40 % (118 x 100/1595) of indigenous species only.

The following endemic species and subspecies are accepted in the dynamic checklist (ordered by family names; as at 28 March 2023). An additional list of near-endemics can be found in a previous analyis (Hand & al. 2019; Cypricola 13: 1-6).

Amaranthaceae
Bosea cypria

Amaryllidaceae
Allium autumnale
Allium cupani subsp. cyprium
Allium cyprium subsp. cyprium
Allium cyprium subsp. lefkarense
Allium exaltatum
Allium marathasicum
Allium willeanum

Apiaceae
Bupleurum sintenisii
Dichoropetalum kyriakae
Ferulago cypria
Pimpinella cypria
Scaligeria alziarii

Araceae
Arum cylindraceum subsp. pitsyllianum

Araliaceae
Hedera pastuchovii subsp. cypria

Asparagaceae
Hyacinthella millingenii
Ornithogalum chionophilum
Ornithogalum pedicellare
Scilla lochiae
Scilla morrisii

Asteraceae
Anthemis plutonia
Anthemis tricolor
Carlina pygmaea
Centaurea akamantis
Centaurea calcitrapa subsp. angusticeps
Centaurea cyprensis
Cynara makrisii
Lactuca cyprica
Lactuca tetrantha
Onopordum cyprium
Ptilostemon chamaepeuce subsp. cyprius
Scorzonera troodea
Senecio glaucus subsp. cyprius
Taraxacum aphrogenes
Taraxacum holmboei

Boraginaceae
Cynoglossum troodi
Onosma caespitosa
Onosma troodi

Brassicaceae
Alyssum akamasicum
Alyssum chondrogynum
Alyssum troodi
Arabis cypria
Arabis kennedyae
Arabis purpurea
Biscutella didyma subsp. dunensis
Brassica hilarionis
Erysimum kykkoticum
Noccaea cypria

Campanulaceae
Campanula veneris
Solenopsis antiphonitis

Caryophyllaceae
Arenaria rhodia subsp. cypria
Dianthus cyprius
Dianthus strictus subsp. troodi
Minuartia sintenisii
Petrorhagia kennedyae
Sabulina subtilis subsp. filicaulis
Saponaria cypria
Silene fraudatrix
Silene galataea
Silene laevigata
Silene microsperma subsp. cypria

Cistaceae
Helianthemum obtusifolium

Colchicaceae
Colchicum troodi

Crassulaceae
Rosularia pallidiflora
Sedum cyprium
Sedum eriocarpum subsp. porphyreum
Sedum lampusae
Sedum microstachyum

Cyperaceae
Carex cyprica
Carex troodi
Cyperus cyprius

Dipsacaceae
Lomelosia cyprica
Pterocephalus multiflorus subsp. multiflorus
Pterocephalus multiflorus subsp. obtusifolius

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbia cassia subsp. rigoi
Euphorbia lemesiana
Euphorbia veneris

Fabaceae
Astragalus cyprius
Astragalus macrocarpus subsp. lefkarensis
Hedysarum cyprium
Onobrychis venosa
Trifolium campestre subsp. paphium

Fagaceae
Quercus alnifolia

Hypericaceae
Hypericum repens

Iridaceae
Crocus cyprius
Crocus hartmannianus
Crocus veneris
Gladiolus triphyllus

Lamiaceae
Acanthoprasium integrifolium
Acinos exiguus
Acinos troodi subsp. troodi
Mentha longifolia subsp. cyprica
Micromeria chionistrae
Nepeta troodi
Origanum cordifolium
Origanum majorana (the endemic var. tenuifolium is the wild ancestor of var. majorana)
Phlomis brevibracteata
Phlomis cypria subsp. cypria
Phlomis cypria subsp. occidentalis
Salvia veneris
Salvia willeana
Scutellaria cypria subsp. cypria
Scutellaria cypria subsp. elatior
Scutellaria sibthorpii
Sideritis cypria
Teucrium cyprium
Teucrium divaricatum subsp. canescens
Teucrium karpasiticum
Teucrium kyreniae
Teucrium micropodioides
Teucrium salaminium
Thymus integer

Liliaceae
Tulipa akamasica
Tulipa cypria

Orchidaceae
Epipactis troodi
Ophrys argolica subsp. elegans
Ophrys kotschyi
Serapias aphroditae

Orobanchaceae
Odontites cyprius
Orobanche chionistrae
Orobanche cypria
Orobanche zosimae

Papaveraceae
Corydalis rutifolia
Papaver cyprium
Papaver meiklei
Papaver paphium

Pinaceae
Cedrus brevifolia

Plumbaginaceae
Limonium ammochostianum
Limonium cyprium
Limonium karpasiticum
Limonium mucronulatum
Limonium paralimniticum

Poaceae
Arrhenatherum album subsp. cypricola
Bromus bidentatus
Crypsis hadjikyriakou
Poa sintenisii
Rostraria hadjikyriakou

Primulaceae
Cyclamen cyprium

Ranunculaceae
Delphinium caseyi
Ranunculus cadmicus subsp. cyprius
Ranunculus kykkoensis
Ranunculus millefoliatus subsp. leptaleus

Rosaceae
Rosa micrantha subsp. chionistrae

Rubiaceae
Asperula cypria
Rubia laurae

Urticaceae
Urtica cypria

Valerianaceae
Centranthus calcitrapa subsp. orbiculatus

For the sake of completeness it should be mentioned that the following varieties are also Cypriot endemics:
Astragalus suberosus var. hartmannii
Genista fasselata var. crudelis
Helianthemum salicifolium var. glabrum
Lathyrus blepharicarpos var. cyprius
Lythrum hyssopifolia var. cyprium
Maresia nana var. glabra
Microthlaspi natolicum var. pentadactylonis
Orchis anatolica var. troodi
Quercus alnifolia var. argentea (species endemic)
Trifolium pamphylicum var. dolichodontium
Valantia hispida var. eburnea